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Testosterone safety

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is for men with clinically low testosterone confirmed by lab testing. It requires ongoing monitoring — here's who it's for and what to watch for.

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Testosterone

testosterone (injection, gel, or cream)

Injection, topical gel, or cream

TRT restores testosterone to a healthy range in men whose bodies don't produce enough (hypogonadism), which can support energy, libido, mood, muscle mass, and bone density.

Boxed Warning

Secondary exposure (topical forms): Children and women can be harmed by contact with testosterone gel/cream on your skin. Wash hands, cover the application site, and avoid skin-to-skin contact until absorbed. Blood pressure can also increase, raising cardiovascular risk.

What it treats

  • Primary hypogonadism (testicular failure) with confirmed low testosterone
  • Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (a problem with brain signaling) with confirmed low testosterone
  • Symptoms such as low energy, low libido, or reduced muscle mass together with lab-confirmed low levels

Who shouldn't take it

  • Known or suspected prostate cancer
  • Known or suspected male breast cancer
  • Women, especially those who are or may become pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Known hypersensitivity to testosterone or the formulation

Warnings & precautions

  • Increased red blood cell count (polycythemia) — requires periodic blood monitoring
  • May increase the risk of cardiovascular events in some men
  • Can worsen benign prostatic hyperplasia (urinary) symptoms
  • May worsen sleep apnea
  • Reduces sperm production and can impair fertility
  • Not for boosting performance or for men with normal testosterone levels

Common side effects

  • Acne or oily skin
  • Injection-site or application-site reactions
  • Increased red blood cell count
  • Mood changes
  • Fluid retention (swelling)

Call your clinician if you notice

  • Chest pain, shortness of breath, or signs of a blood clot (leg pain/swelling)
  • Difficulty urinating or worsening urinary symptoms
  • Prolonged or painful erections

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This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. A licensed Forma clinician will review your health history and current medications to determine whether treatment is safe and appropriate for you. Never start, stop, or change a prescription without talking to a healthcare provider. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911.